雪萊和伊麗莎白的通信情書
何謂愛(ài)情?何謂友情?是一些實(shí)在的東西嗎?伊麗莎白是一名教師,擁有先鋒派思想,雪萊將其視為自己的心靈知己和繆斯女神,兩人一直保持著通信往來(lái)和純潔的精神友誼。下面情書,與大家分享。
雪萊Percy Bysshe Shelley
雪萊是一名柏拉圖主義者,也是個(gè)理想主義者。1811年,雪萊邂逅了28歲的伊麗莎白·西琴勒。
伊麗莎白是一名教師,擁有先鋒派思想,雪萊將其視為自己的心靈知己和繆斯女神,兩人一直保持著通信往來(lái)和純潔的精神友誼。
有趣的是,兩人還在通信中對(duì)愛(ài)情是什么進(jìn)行了嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膶W(xué)術(shù)探討。
原文:
What is love, or friendship? Is it something material...a ball, an apple, a plaything...which must be taken from one to be given to another? Is it capable of no extension, no communication? Lord Kaimes defines love to be a particularization of the general passion. But this is the love of sensation, of sentiment...the absurdest of absurd vanities: it is the love of pleasure, not the love of happiness.
But love, the love which we worship , ... virtue, heaven, disinterestedness ... in a word, Friendship ... which has as much to do with the senses as with yonder mountains; that which seeks the good of all ... the good of its object first, not because that object is a minister to its Pleasures, not merely because it even contributes to its happiness, but because it is really worthy, because it has powers, sensibilities, is capable of abstracting itself, and loving virtue's own loveliness ...
譯文:
何謂愛(ài)情?何謂友情?是一些實(shí)在的'東西嗎?是球、蘋果、玩偶……是從一個(gè)人那兒拿來(lái),又給予另一個(gè)人的實(shí)物嗎?是不能深化、不能交流的嗎?Kaimes勛爵給愛(ài)情下的定義是,愛(ài)情是一般激情的特殊體現(xiàn),但這是肉 欲之愛(ài)、情欲之愛(ài)……是荒謬絕倫的逢場(chǎng)作戲,是尋歡作樂(lè)的愛(ài),不是幸福的愛(ài)。
但我們崇拜的愛(ài),象征美德、天意和無(wú)私,一句話,真情……它能被感知,就像遠(yuǎn)方山頭上的云朵一樣。它追求大家的幸福……首先是對(duì)方的幸福,不是因?yàn)閷?duì)方給予歡樂(lè),不光它甚至能給予歡樂(lè),更因?yàn)樗娴闹档茫辛α浚懈兄Γ⒛軐⒆约撼殡x,因?yàn)槊赖碌目蓯?ài)而熱愛(ài)美德……
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