全國英語等級考試三級閱讀理解沖刺練習
Animals seem to have the sense to eat when they are hungry and they do not eat more than their bodies need. It has been demonstrated that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles. When a fragrant flavor was added to the vitamin enriched fluid, the rats did seem to develop a taste for it and kept drinking it, even after the vitamins were switched to the clear water. In time, however, they broke the habit and went back to where the necessary vitamins were.
In a classic experiment, babies of 6 to 12 months old were placed in a cafeteria feeding arrangement, with a wide selection of baby food before them. They were given whatever food they pointed to or appeared interested in. We are told that at first they showed some unusual eating patterns, but that over a period of time they managed to select well-balanced diet.
So, in selecting food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what's best for them.Apparently, there is a kind of "body wisdom", which hmnans soon lose.Most of us do not eat as wisely as we could.
Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-established habits. Some people eat fox, dog and blackbirds, while we eat cows and pigs. So what people eat and how much they eat seem to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them.
16.In the experiment on rats, a fragrant flavor was added to the rat's drinking water to ( ).
A.encourage rats to drink vitamin-enriched water
B.find out rats preference in flavor
C.test whether rats know which drink is good for them
D.demonstrate that vitamins aretasteless
參考答案：C
細節題。答案在文章第一段"It has been demonstrated that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles."
17.The expression "the habit"( Line 6, Paragraph 1) refers to drinking water which ( ).
A.has no smell
B.is tasteless
C.has vitamins
D.is flavored
參考答案：D
細節題。第一段的最后談到"When a fragrant flavor was added to the vitamin-enriched fluid.the rats did seem to develop a taste for it and kept drinking it…"所以句子中的habit實際上指的是老鼠喜歡喝有香味的水。所以D是正確答案。
18.According to the passage, adults eating habits differ from those of babies because ( ).
A.adults know better than babies what kind of food is good for their health
B.adults usually cannot resist the temptation of various delicious foods
C.adults' eating habits are closely related to the social and cultural customs
D.adults have more choices of food than babies in eating patterns
參考答案：C
細節題。由文章第二段的最后一句"Babies managed to select well-balanced diet."和文章的'第三段中："Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by lon established habits."可以看出成年人和嬰兒的飲食習慣的不同點在于：成年人的飲食習慣和他們的社會和文化習俗有關。
19.The author implied in the passage that most of us ( ).
A.eat a balanced diet
B.choose the food that is of nutrition
C.have the habits influenced by the surroundings
D.like to eat the food with a fragrant flavor
參考答案：C
細節題。根據上下文，我們可以知道，文章中并沒有提到“大多數人都有合理的飲食;選擇有營養的食物以及喜歡吃有香味的食品。”因此A、B、D都是錯誤的。根據文章的最后一句："What people eat and how much they eat seem to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them."可以斷定“我們的飲食習慣受周圍環境的影響。”C是正確答案。
20.As far as their eating habits are concerned, babies and rats are similar in that ( ).
A.both have the wisdom to choose a balanced diet
B.both prefer flavored food and drink
C.both have the same eating patterns
D.both develop a taste for the same kinds of flavors
參考答案：A
細節題。由文章第二段的最后一句話："Babies managed to select well-balanced diet."和第三段的第一句話："So.in selecting food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what's best for them.Apparently, there is a kind of‘body wisdom'which humans soon lose."因此可以推斷：“嬰兒和老鼠飲食習慣的相同點在于他們都會選擇合理的飲食。”因此只有A最符合題意。
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