焦油蒸餾工段的初步設計開題報告
篇一：年產19萬噸煤焦油工廠處理蒸餾工段的初步設計
河北聯合大學輕工學院
QINGGONG COLLEGE, HEBEI UNITED UNIVERSITY
畢業設計說明書
設計題目：19萬t/a煤焦油工廠處理蒸餾工段的初步設計
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摘 要
本設計為19萬t/a焦油加工廠焦油蒸餾工段的初步設計。重點介紹了蒸餾工藝，通過對現有工藝比較，選用了國內應用較多且比較成熟的常壓兩塔式焦油蒸餾工藝。首先對主要設備進行了物料衡算和熱量衡算以及設計計算及設備選型，確定了塔徑和塔高，并對塔板進行設計計算和流體力學校核；對餾分塔進行了機械設計和強度校核；最后給出非工藝條件。并用Auto-CAD繪制了帶控制點的工藝流程圖，精餾塔結構圖，車間布置圖。
本設計的主要設備有：圓筒式管式爐350萬千卡/小時，一段蒸發器的直徑DN=1600mm、二段蒸發器直徑DN=2400mm、餾分塔直徑DN=1800mm，塔高H=28000mm，塔板數為47，蒽塔DN=1800mm，塔板數為21，塔高H=17000mm,一段冷凝冷卻器的換熱面積是72m2，餾分塔冷凝冷卻器的換熱面積是296 m2，蒽油浸沒式冷卻器的.換熱面積是12m2等。
關鍵詞: 煤焦油；焦油蒸餾；餾分塔
Abstract
This design is the preliminary design of the section of 190000 t/a tar distillation in tar processing factory and mainly introduces the distillation process.According to comparing the existing process, chosing the domestic application of more and more mature tar distillation tower is two columns continuous distillation of coal tar. First of all, do the material balance and heat balance calculation，design calculation and equipment selection for he main equipment, and determine the diameter and height of the tower, and do the tower board calculation and check design of fluid mechanics；distillation tower were mechanically designed and strengthly checked；finally，the process conditions；distillate tower mechanical design and The strength check; Finally, non-process conditions.By Auto-CAD,drawing piping and instrument diagram，the distillation column chart and workshop layout.
The results of the design of the main equipment is as follows.Cylindrical tube type furnace is 3.5 million kcal/h, the diameter of evaporator is 1600mm, the diameter of two sections of evaporator is 2400mm, and the diameter of fractions tower is 1800mm, whose height is 28000mm, the number of whose plate is 47, and the diameter of anthraquinone tower is 1800mm, the number of whose tower plate is 21 and whose height is 17000mm, and the cooler area of a condensation heat and the limonene condensation heat are respectively 72m2 and 296m2,and the heat transfer area of anthracene oil submerged type cooler is 12m2 etc.
Keywords: coal tar;tar distillation; fractions tower
目 錄
摘 要.....................................................................................................................I Abstract ............................................................................................................... II
前言 ........................................................................................................................ 1
1 文獻綜述 ............................................................................................................ 2
1.1我國煤焦油加工工業的現狀 .................................................................. 2
1.2煤焦油蒸餾工藝分類 .............................................................................. 3
1.2.1按工藝操作 ................................................................................... 3
1.2.2按操作壓力 ................................................................................... 4
1.2.3焦油蒸餾新工藝 ........................................................................... 6
1.3煤焦油加工的環保、節能及裝備水平 .................................................. 7
1.4發展前景 .................................................................................................. 8
2 工藝方案的確定及主要設備選擇 .................................................................... 9
2.1 工藝流程確定 ......................................................................................... 9
2.2 主要設備選型 ......................................................................................... 9
3工藝計算 ........................................................................................................... 10
3.1物料衡算 ................................................................................................. 10
3.1.1整個流程的物料衡算 ................................................................... 10
3.1.2主要設備的物料衡算 ................................................................. 11
3.2主要設備計算 ........................................................................................ 12
3.2.1管式加熱爐 ................................................................................... 12
3.2.2一段蒸發器 ................................................................................. 14
3.2.3二段蒸發器 ................................................................................. 15
3.2.4蒽塔 ............................................................................................. 15
3.2.5餾分塔 ......................................................................................... 17
3.2.6一段輕油冷凝冷卻器 ................................................................. 19
3.2.7餾分塔輕油冷凝冷卻器 ............................................................. 20
3.2.8浸沒式冷卻器（切萘洗量混餾分） ......................................... 21
3.3餾分塔塔板的工藝計算 ........................................................................ 22
3.3.1 塔徑 ............................................................................................ 22
3.3.2 塔高 ............................................................................................ 23
3.3.3圓泡罩塔盤的設計 ..................................................................... 23
3.3.4板面布置 ..................................................................................... 24
3.3.5塔板壓降 ..................................................................................... 26
3.3.6液冷情況 ..................................................................................... 28
3.3.7鼓泡層高度hf ............................................................................. 28
3.3.8排空時間T ................................................................................. 28
3.4蒽塔塔板的工藝計算 ............................................................................. 29
3.4.1塔徑 ............................................................................................. 30
3.4.2圓泡罩塔盤的設計 ..................................................................... 30
3.4.3板面布置 ..................................................................................... 31
3.4.4塔板壓降 ..................................................................................... 33
3.4.5液泛情況 ..................................................................................... 35
3.4.6鼓度泡層高hf ............................................................................. 35
3.4.7排空時間T ................................................................................. 35
3.5容器附件 ................................................................................................ 36
3.5.1人孔和手孔 ................................................................................. 36
3.5.2視鏡 ............................................................................................. 36
3.5.3液面計 ......................................................................................... 36
3.5.4接管 ............................................................................................. 37
3.5.5法蘭 ............................................................................................. 37
3.6 主要設備機械設計和強度校核 ........................................................... 37
3.6.1筒體和封頭壁厚 ......................................................................... 38
3.6.2塔設備載重計算 ......................................................................... 38
3.6.3風載荷與風彎矩計算 ................................................................. 41
3.6.4地震彎矩計算 ............................................................................. 43
3.6.5各種載荷引起的軸向應力 ......................................................... 45
3.6.6 塔體最大組合軸向拉應力校核 ................................................ 48
3.6.7 塔體水壓時應力及吊裝時應力校核 ........................................ 49
3.6.8吊裝時應力校核校核 ................................................................. 51
3.6.9基礎環設計 ................................................................................. 51
3.6.8地腳螺栓計算 ............................................................................. 53
4.非工藝條件設計 .............................................................................................. 55
4.1防火防爆等級 ........................................................................................ 55
4.2采暖通風 ................................................................................................ 55
4.3給水排水 ................................................................................................ 55
4.4供氣 ........................................................................................................ 56
4.5設備維修 ................................................................................................ 56
4.6電力 ........................................................................................................ 57
4.7土建 ........................................................................................................ 57
結論 ...................................................................................................................... 58
參考文獻 .............................................................................................................. 59
謝 辭 .................................................................................................................. 61
篇二：開題報告焦油蒸餾
篇三：黑龍江科技大學本科畢業設計開題報告
本科畢業設計開題報告
題 目：10萬噸／年焦油蒸餾工段的初步設計
院 （系）： 環境與化工學院
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教師職稱： 教授
2015年3月
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