清明節英文

　　清明節：4月4日到6日和4月7為工作日。

　　Qingming Festival: April 4-6 with April 7 working day.

　　Origin 清明節的起源

　　Qingming Festival, also known as Pure Brightness Festival or Tomb-sweeping Day, is one of the 24 segments of the Chinese calendar. It normally falls on the 4th or 5th of April, between spring plowing and summer weeding, and is a time to pay respects to one's ancestors and to tidy their gravesite. On this day, whole families, young and old, go to the gravesite of deceased family members to burn incense and perform a ritual offering while clearing away plant overgrowth from the gravesite.

　　Qingming Festival is when Chinese people visit the graves or burial grounds of their ancestors. Traditionally, people brought a whole rooster with them to the graves visited but the occasion has become less formal over time. The festival originated from Hanshi Day (寒食節, literally, Day with cold food only), a memorial day for Jie Zitui (介子推, or Jie Zhitui). Jie Zitui died in 636 BC in the Spring and Autumn Period. He was one of many followers of Duke Wen of Jin before he became a duke. Once, during Wen's 19 years of exile, they had no food and Jie prepared some meat soup for Wen. Wen enjoyed it a lot and wondered where Jie had obtained the soup. It turned out Jie had cut a piece of meat from his own thigh to make the soup. Wen was so moved he promised to reward him one day. However, Jie was not the type of person who sought rewards. Instead, he just wanted to help Wen to return to Jin to become king. Once Wen became duke, Jie resigned and stayed away from him. Duke Wen rewarded the people who helped him in the decades, but for some reason he forgot to reward Jie, who by then had moved into the forest with his mother. Duke Wen went to the forest, but could not find Jie. Heeding suggestions from his officials, Duke Wen ordered men to set the forest on fire to force out Jie. However, Jie died in the fire. Feeling remorseful, Duke Wen ordered three days without fire to honour Jie's memory. The county where Jie died is still called Jiexiu (介休, literally "the place Jie rests forever").

　　Customs 清明節的風俗習慣

　　Qingming Festival is a time of many different activities, among which the main ones are tomb sweeping, taking a spring outing, flying kites. Some other lost customs like wearing willow branches on the head and riding on swings have added infinite joy in past days. The festival is a combination of sadness and happiness, perhaps bittersweet.

　　Qingming Festival

　　The Qingming (Pure Brightness) Festival is one of the 24 seasonal division points in China, falling on April 4-6 each year. After the festival, the temperature will rise up and rainfall increases. It is the high time for spring plowing and sowing. But the Qingming Festival is not only a seasonal point to guide farm work, it is more a festival of commemoration.

　　The Qingming Festival sees a combination of sadness and happiness.

　　This is the most important day of sacrifice. Both the Han and minority ethnic groups at this time offer sacrifices to their ancestors and sweep the tombs of the diseased. Also, they will not cook on this day and only cold food is served.

　　The Hanshi (Cold Food) Festival was usually one day before the Qingming Festival. As our ancestors often extended the day to the Qingming, they were later combined.

　　On each Qingming Festival, all cemeteries are crowded with people who came to sweep tombs and offer sacrifices. Traffic on the way to the cemeteries becomes extremely jammed. The customs have been greatly simplified today. After slightly sweeping the tombs, people offer food, flowers and favorites of the dead, then burn incense and paper money and bow before the memorial tablet.

　　In contrast to the sadness of the tomb sweepers, people also enjoy hope of Spring on this day. The Qingming Festival is a time when the sun shines brightly, the trees and grass become green and nature is again lively. Since ancient times, people have followed the custom of Spring outings. At this time tourists are everywhere.

　　People love to fly kites during the Qingming Festival. Kite flying is actually not limited to the Qingming Festival. Its uniqueness lies in that people fly kites not during the day, but also at night. A string of little lanterns tied onto the kite or the thread look like shining stars, and therefore, are called "god's lanterns."

　　The Qingming Festival is also a time to plant trees, for the survival rate of saplings is high and trees grow fast later. In the past, the Qingming Festival was called "Arbor Day". But since 1979, "Arbor Day" was settled as March 12 according to the Gregorian calendar.

　　清明是我國的二十四節氣之一。由于二十四節氣比較客觀地反映了一年四季氣溫、降雨、物候等方面的變化，所以古代勞動人民用它安排農事活動。但是，清明作為節日，與純粹的節氣又有所不同。節氣是我國物候變化、時令順序的標志，而節日則包含著一定的風俗活動和某種紀念意義。因此，這個節日中既有祭掃新墳生別死離的悲酸淚，又有踏青游玩的歡笑聲，是一個富有特色的節日。

　　清明節是我國傳統節日，也是最重要的祭祀節日，是祭祖和掃墓的日子。掃墓俗稱上墳，祭祀死者的一種活動。漢族和一些少數民族大多都是在清明節掃墓。由于清明與寒食的日子接近，而寒食是民間禁火掃墓的日子，漸漸的，寒食與清明就合二為一了，而寒食既成為清明的別稱，也變成為清明時節的一個習俗，清明之日不動煙火，只吃涼的食品。

　　按照舊的習俗，掃墓時，人們要攜帶酒食果品、紙錢等物品到墓地，將食物供祭在親人墓前，再將紙錢焚化，為墳墓培上新土，折幾枝嫩綠的新枝插在墳上，然后叩頭行禮祭拜，最后吃掉酒食回家。

　　與清明節掃墓的悲哀相反，人們在這個春光明媚的日子里，也一樣是可以享受生活的。

　　放風箏也是清明時節人們所喜愛的活動。每逢清明時節，人們不僅白天放，夜間也放。夜里在風箏下或風穩拉線上掛上一串串彩色的小燈籠，象閃爍的明星，被稱為“神燈”。

　　清明前后，春陽照臨，春陽照臨，春雨飛灑，種植樹苗成活率高，成長快。因此，自古以來，我國就有清明植樹的習慣。有人還把清明節叫作“植樹節”。植樹風俗一直流傳至今。1979年，人大常委會規定，每年三月十二日為我國植樹節。這對動員全國各族人民積極開展綠化祖國活動，有著十分重要的意義。